This discussion guide about the musical Parade will help middle and high school students and adults reflect upon and discuss the themes and artistic elements of Parade.
Commemorated each year in the month of June, LGBTQ+ Pride Month honors the 1969 Stonewall uprising in New York City. In June of 1969, patrons and supporters of the Stonewall Inn staged an uprising to resist the police harassment and persecution to which LGBTQ+ Americans were commonly subjected. This uprising marked the beginning of a movement to outlaw discriminatory laws and practices against LGBTQ+ Americans. Today, LGBTQ+ Pride Month celebrations include pride parades, picnics, parties,…
Women for Aryan Unity (WAU) is a longstanding white supremacist group for women. Its logo is a diamond featuring red and white stripes and stylized letters spelling “WAU.”
The Rise Above Movement (RAM) is a California-based alt right white supremacist group with a fitness and martial arts emphasis. Its logo features a sword stuck into a boulder; the sword also serves as the trunk of a tree.
The National Socialist Movement (NSM) is a longstanding neo-Nazi group that has changed its logo several times during its existence. Older versions of its logo can still be found on clothing, printed materials, and even tattoos.
The National Socialist Legion is a small neo-Nazi group that originated in 2018. Its logo features a red, black and white shield with stripes and a Wolfsangel.
The League of the South is a longstanding neo-Confederate white supremacist group that advocates for an independent, white-dominated South. Its symbol is intended to resemble the St. Andrew’s Cross on the Confederate flag.
ALTERNATE NAMES: Southern Nationalist Flag, Black Cross
Identity Evropa was one of the most active white supremacist groups in the U.S. from 2016-19. In 2019, it reformed itself as the American Identitarian Movement (AIM).
Atomwaffen Division is a neo-Nazi group that emerged in 2016. “Atomwaffen” is the German word for atomic weapons and the group’s logo features a radiation warning symbol on a Waffen SS divisional insignia shield.
American Identity Movement is a large white supremacist group formerly known as Identity Evropa. AIM’s logo consists of a blue and red shield with three white stars and the initials A-I-M. The shield is often combined with an American bald eagle.
Civics Lesson
GRADE LEVEL: High School How Were Youth Involved in the Civil Rights Movement?
Throughout history, young people have stepped up and into leadership roles during different civil rights and social movements. This was never more evident than in the Civil Rights Movement, where young people were on the frontlines of the Montgomery bus boycotts, Freedom Rides and sit-ins. Given that student activism is on the rise again across the U.S., understanding how those young voices…
ALTERNATE NAMES: Aryan Alliance, Brotherhood of Aryan AllianceGroup Status: Active
The 211 Crew is a large racist prison gang based in Colorado. Its main tattoo (or "shield" or "patch") is a complex triangular symbol made out of interlocking arms, with hands grasping lightning bolts and the number 211 in the center. According to law enforcement, the name of the gang originated from the California penal code for robbery. However, members claim that 211 is a numeric code for BAA,…
ALTERNATE NAMES: Aryan Alliance, Brotherhood of Aryan Alliance
Group Status: Legacy (the group is no longer active but some symbols may remain as tattoos, graffiti, etc.)
The Advanced White Society is a small white supremacist group formed by a defector from the neo-Nazi National Socialist Movement. It is active primarily in the Mid-Atlantic region and in Ohio. Additional Images:
Group Status: Active
The Alabama Aryan Brotherhood is one of many racist prison gangs that have adopted the Aryan Brotherhood name. It is an independent gang and has no connection to the "original" Aryan Brotherhood present in the California and federal prison systems. The primary Alabama Aryan Brotherhood tattoo or "patch" is in the popular "shield" format and consists of a shield-like emblem sporting four images, which could include the initials AB, SS lightning bolts, a swastika, an…
Group Status: Active
The American Front is one of the oldest continuously existing racist skinhead groups in the United States, dating back to the 1980s. In recent years, most of its members have been from California and Florida. Additional Images:
ALTERNATE NAMES: AC, The DiamondGroup Status: Active
The Aryan Circle is the second-largest white supremacist prison gang in Texas and one of the largest such gangs in the United States. Its most common tattoo, known as a "shield" or "patch," consists of a square oriented to form a diamond shape. Inside the diamond is typically a swastika and the initials AC; it is also common to include SS lightning bolts. Because of this symbol, Aryan Circle members often refer to their gang as "The…